Wall construction.



Q ATTURNEYS A. F. MEYER.

WALL CONSTRUCTION. 7 APPLICATION FILED ;APR.27, 1912v 1,961,918. Pa entedMay13,1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l A, P. MEYER.

WALL oomsmncnon.

APPLIOATION TILED APEJZ'I, 1912. 1,061,918. Patented May 13, 1913 4 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

A. P; MEYER. WALL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR.27, 1912.

Patented May 13, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@ y By ATTORIVEYS A. F. MEYER.

WALL GONVSTRUGTION. APPLICATION FILED APR. 27, 1912.

Patented May 13, 3913 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 "WEI/I03 ATTORNEYS BY I ADOLPH r. MEYER, or s r. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

i .(Ptit ,9 i 8.

Specification of Letters Patent. 1 Patented Elay 13, 1913..

. Application filed April 27, 1912. Serial No. 693,565.

To a vr/wm H m/l l concern:

lie it him)! that l, A rmen l ...\li-1vi-;n. a citizen of the United States. and a resident of St. Paul. in the county of Ramsey and State of filinnesota, have invented a new and improved ll'all Constrin-tion. of which the following is a full, clear. and exact de cription.

This invention relates to a construction of walls for building's. and particularly to walls using c n rete or other cast material, and also to the method employed in constructing the wall. tithe object in view is the provision of an, improved wall construction designed to eliminate .all planes of weakness and permeability resulting from the deposition of concrete in successive horizontal layers and to make possible and practicable the production of a pleasing and durable surface finish by means of brushing and washing the par-- tially hardened concrete.

.3. further object of the invention is to provide an improved wall constructhm which embodies the assembling of a suitable framework disclosing window openings and the ordinary panels for the walls. the ordinary panels for the walls being filled with concrete or other cast material. each panel being cast as an integral block. whereby all lines of division are eliminated and the resulting: wall presents east portions integral throughout.

A still further object of the invention is the en'ilmdimcnt of an improved method of tt llStl'tlt'ftltHl which includes first. the forming of a framework employing studdiue', joists. headers and other framing timbers, all designed to eliminate fitting. plumbing, alining; aiaLshoring of forms: to eliminate the use of eid forms: and to make possible the use. and re-nse of forms of unit size in the construction of widely dissimilar sized portions of wall: and. second, the placing: of fat-e formsmr molds over the various panels or optmings in this fra'meworlo and .then pouring or casting concrete or other material in the panels or openings not designed for windows, doors. or the like. the respective forms in each instance completely closing each side of the respective panels so that the. resulting product will be an integral block [cast to fit, and entirely fill, the space hetween any particular framing timbers. thus producing a. wall nnpervlo ns to .wlnd and water.

In carrying out the various objects of the lllYelltltm, a wall structure is provided which ciiibotlies the use of a framework, part or ah of which is left in place and which acts in various capacities, namely, as the ordinary stndding ot' the building for supporting the floors. which serve as seatfolding during deposition, and also as the supports or bracing memhersfor holding forms in place which are used in casting blocks between the respective studding. In this manner the ordinaryseatl'olding and bracing or shoring used in casting concrete walls are eliminated, and also by dividing the cast mass into panels or blocks the same may be cast .50

as to till the particularopening in which in addition to tillmg the l'mt't'ltjtllttl' openings in which the rcspertive blocks are positioned, the conthev are positioned.

struction admits of the brushing or washing of the east block while the same isstill green, or partially hardened, in order to eliminate any of the marks of the mold or I I form. and to expose the aggregate, giving a. pleasing surface finish free from (llSCOlUT- ation. and also obviates the necessity for bush hammering, sand blasting, or applying stucco.

A practical embodiment of the invention is representtal in the accompanying d'awinns forming a part of this specification. in which. similar characters ofreference indicate correspmuline" parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view ofipart of the walls of a building; Fig. 2 is a section through Fig. 1 approximately on the line Fig. 3 is a section through Fig. 1 approximately on the line 3-3; Fig.

' 4 is a section throng'hFig. l on the line 4-4.

the same being shown with the window and finishing parts in position; Fig. 5 is-a hori zontal fragmentary section showin a corner of the completed wall and part ofthe -Win- (l0\'; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional View through Fig. ,3 approximately on the line 6G; Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view adjacent one of the joists for showing one method of supporting the joist; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary front .view showing a window construction and a cast beam arranged over the Window acting as. a lintel; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional ,view approximately on tho line 99 of Fig. 10; Fig. 10 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through the lintel beam, the same being taken ap-' proximately on the line 10-40 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11. approximately on the line 1212.

invention, an desiredwall structure maybe formed e1ther"f0r a dwelling house, outhouses on a farm, storage houses, or walls walls a foundation 1 is built in any desired way. On this. foundation are placed the first floor joists30, which are secured to a longitudinal beam. or header 32 by suitable securing means,- as for instance nails 33. A plurality of studding 2iof any desired dimensionsanduprovided with notches 31;.to fit over header 32, are :nextarranged. any suitable or desired. distance apart around the building and secured to header 32. The st-udding 2 are notched at 34 for receiving a longitudinally arranged beam or header 35 and are also notched at 27 for receiving a ribbon 28. The studding 2 and the joists or ceiling beams 3 upon which is placed the flooring 4: are both secured to header 35 and turibhon' 2S. Iii-this connection attention is, called to Fig. 7 showing a slightly modified construction for connectap .ing joists to studding. Referring more particularly to this figure it will be observed that the joists 3 are arranged to rest on a a longitudinally positioned member resting .onla notch 21 in the studding 2. In addition,longitudinally arranged members 22 and 23 are provided which arenotched into the-studding 2 and which are. icurcd to the joists 3byfastcning llltEtUlS SllCl'l as nails :24. and '25... Preferably these-nails are not" drWenrntn-ely to their heads but are pet.-

mitted to project outwarda short distance and thus engage the crmcrete and act as an anchor.. Anchor members in the form of bent nails 26. driven through the studding, are also employed. as shown in Fig. 5.

Betweeneach pair of studrling 2 forming a door or window opening is secured a header 5. After the framework has been thus constructed the forms 8 and 9 are placed in position. It will be evident. thatany desired number of the forms 8 and 9 could be used according. to the speed with which it is desired to construct the wall. In constrmzting the forms 3 and the same are made preferably of such a size as to extend from a short distance above to 'ashort. distance below the panel openings between the studding 2 so that. the cast material, as for instance concrete, ma be poured in from the top until the entire panel opening is tilled whereby a single integral block will be provided "tor earh mnel opening. hen casting the block 10 beneath the header 7 5 concrete is .placed in position before the In constructing a device embodying the used forany purpose. In constructing the smaller forms are used and the header is put in place. After the concrete has been placed in position theheaden 7 is putin place on top of the softconcrete and forced down to its correct position. After this has been done and the concrete 10 has hardened, the intermediate posts 6, in. the case of double or triple windows ed and secured to headers 55 d 7. beam 11 is then cast, the material being poured in from above. In order that the concrete beam or lintel 1'1 may be M e support the load or weight cu ried to it the floor joists 3 and the an wall above it, it is reinf or-tension side by suitable reinforcing mom-- here 12, one or more of which preferably extend entirely around the building or throughout the wall so asto tie together the entire w'all SlLIl-ltltlllQ. In connection with beam l attention is called to F 8 to. 12 inclusive, in which the manner of sup porting lintel beams 11, at the ends, is shown on a larger scale andin which a slightly The 'tion depending somewhat upon the width. of door 'or window opening over which the lintel is to be used. For lintels over the on dinary sized 'doonor window openings the form shown. in Figs. 9 and 1 0 is preferably used. In this construction the l-intel derives its. end. support from the header 5 being mortised into studcling 2, from the project- ,ing portions 18JeXtending through suitable apertures in the studding 2 and from the reinforcing members 19. There being one member 19 for each projecting portion 18 consequently member 19 is covered and protected. For lintels over very wide door E501. win dow openings the forni shown in Figs 3,11 and 12 is preferably used. In this construction the'beam 11' derives its end support from the header 5 mortised into the studding 2, from the extensions 13 and let projecting through a suitable slot 15 in the studding 2, from a reaction plate 16, preferably of metal, extending into the panels or blocks on each side of the opening, and from the reinforcing members 17. Above the headers and door and window framing metal tlashings are embedded in' the concrete and extend beyond the outer face of the said concrete over the headers and framing as shown in Fig.4. I

1n casting the various walls, the nailing strips 36 (Figs. 3 and 4) are positioned in the various spaces between the studdings as ghereinattcr more fully described, so that lurring members 37 may be secured in place, to which paper 39 can be secured. Also the furring members 37 are adapted to receive laths and plaster or wall boards $0 of any desired construction, these rds takmg the place of plaster, as 1s wel known in l the art. In this manner the interior sur modified placing of. the reinforcing members Y 12 is also shown, these details of construcin s. t var sizes and preferably they are arrang in diilerent sizes for any particular all. the larger sizeextending from floor to floor, and the smaller sizes being adapted to be used above and below window openings, door openings, and the like. In the molds shown the same are provided with a plurality of tertically arranged members or posts 41 and P2, to which are rigidly secured strips or boards 43 and 44. Across pt s are arranged at suitable distances apart, plurality of pairs of horizontal bars )1 ledger-boards 45, these ledger-boards icing suitably spaced apart and designed to c clamping bolts 46 which clamp the 1' or molds to the respective studdings 1 'l'hesc forms orinolds must 'be made of such a size as to overlap any of the openii'igs between studdings so as to provide an int-sec] chamber when taken with any two of the respective studdings so that t'he'concre e may be poured or inserted in place and have supports on all sides. A plurality of horimvntally and vertically arranged tr'nnning members Q? are rigidly Secured g to the iinerior of the mold or form 8 so as cause horizontally and vertically ared grooves in the wall when completed. lo the interiorly arranged mold or form 9 strips 36 are positioned and are' held :e by a few nails or screws which are d to be. removed before the mold is 1 aha removed so that the strips 36-w1ll remain in the wall. In order to properly anchor the strips 36 the same are provided with anchoring arms, as for instance nails 48.

A specific construction has been described, and a particular wall shown in the drawin in order to disclose the invention, but it will be evident that various other shapes of walls could be constructed without departing from the spirit of the invention. ,It will e evident that the constructing of'a frame- "A'Ol'it' and then having one or more pair of" molds or forms for inelosing any particular pair oi s uddings could be provided and us d witl'iout in any way departing tl'om the spirit of the invent oi. I we l according to the present invention the his concrete or rast parts thereof are st. integral so joints and connecting arts are eliminated and a block or beam cast across a space above or below a door or window opening may be termed integral.

with adjacent cast blocks. Alsofturther. bi'orniing awall according to the present intention certain members ot the framework as tor example the studding may be for Also by forming a temporary or construction purposes, only, remo 'able and to be removed after certain portions of the wall have been cast.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent l. i\ 'all constructitm," comprising a framework including studding and door and window training the studding at the sides of each door and window framing being provided with c aiparatively large openings above the training integrally castblocks between the studding on opposite sides of the framing, and'an integrally cast beam betweenthe studding above the door and window framing, the material forming the blocks and beam filling the openings in the studding and having embedded therein reinforcing members which are also embedded in the blocks and beam.

2. A wall construction. comprising a framework including studding and door and window framing, the studding at the sides provided with comparatively large openings above the framing, integrally cast blocks between the studd'ing at the sides of the training, an integrally cast beam between terial forming the blocksand beam filling the openings of the studdi-ng and having embedded "therein reinforcing members which are also embedded in the. beam and blocks. and members of a length greater than the thickness of the studding, resting on the bottoms of the openings of the studding and embedded in the blocks and beam;

A wall construction. ctnnprising a framework including studding and door and window framing, the studding on each side of each dooror window fran'iing being formed with openings above said framing, integrally east blocks arranged in the spaces door or window framing an integrally cast lieam arranged. above said framing and t'mfmcd with ')rojecting end portions extending through said openings, and reinforcing rods embedded in the said beams andextending through the said openings, the end portions of the said beams and the reinforcing rods engaging and supported by the blocks in the spaces be ween the studding at eaolf'side of the door .nwindow framin 4. A .wall construction, comprising a framework including studding and door and l window framing, the studding on each side of the door or window franiiug being pro vided w training, integrally cast blocks in the spaces between stmlding at opposite sides of the training. an integrally east beam arranged above the door and window framing and formed with projecting end portions extending through the openings of the studthe-studding above the training, the mafl' of each door and window framing being between the studding at opposite sides of the,

dini and engaging and supported bythe' In festiinony whereof-[1.1133 1% signed my bloc -s between the studding, metal plates 1n name to this-specificgtjon in the presence'of 10 the bottoms of the said openingsend-of a. two su bscyibing w itn'e'a sea. .7

l'eu th greater than the thickness of the V I 5 stuading, said plates being embedded in said ADOLPH E blocks and beam', and reinforcing rods' ass- Witnesses: ing through the openings in the stu ding P. A. Enclsox,

and embedded in the said beams and blockel ERNEST Bxscmm. 

